Plagiarism can be of two types: self-plagiarism and external plagiarism. Self-plagiarism refers to the absence of references to a previously published work, if any its part is given in the author’s new work. Literal copying of own works and their paraphrasing are not allowed without reference to the source.

External plagiarism includes:

– verbatim copying of more than 10 per cent of the work of another author without either reference to it or use of quotation marks,

– incorrect paraphrasing of printed materials of another author with more than one sentence changed in one paragraph or section of the text, or the sentences arranged in a different order without a corresponding link to the source. Significant incorrect paraphrasing (more than 10 per cent of the original work) without reference to the source is considered as the verbatim copying.

In all cases the editorial board of the Journal performs the plagiarism test of the materials submitted. For this purpose the following programs are used: https://antiplagiat.ru/, https://text.ru/antiplagiat. In the event of plagiarism, the editorial board denies publishing the article in the Journal, or, as an exception, may send the article to the author for revision.